APPRAISAL OF CLIMATE CHANGE DISASTER AND FOOD SECURITY IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHAW PAKISTAN USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract. Drought is one of the most severe natural disasters. It negatively influences crop output considerably as water resources are inadequate across large geographic areas. Food insecurity, hunger, and poverty widespread in three Pakistani provinces: Baluchistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh. Until March/April 2022, roughly 4.66 million people, or 25% population examined, were severely food insecure. Historically, severity a drought evaluated using several different indicators, with selection indices depending on data that easily accessible. By multiple aspects, including potential evapotranspiration rainfall standard timescale computing monthly, seasonal, annual data, Reconnaissance Index (RDI) has significant advantage over other determining severity. When region significantly lower than amount evapotranspiration, situations can occur earth. Rainfall will often locations an increase relative humidity air. The reconnaissance index for Pakhtaunkhawa province Pakistan was calculated from 1981 to 2020 3-, 6-, 12-month timeframes. This research employed rainfall, minimum maximum temperature KPK describe DrinC program, Man Kendall test, Sen's slope calculator determine patterns variation. All regions had moderate, severe, extreme droughts, RDIs between -1.0 -3.5. RDI evaluations highlighted 1991, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2015, 2017. These results indicate productivity declines dry subsequent years due seasonal soil moisture retention.Wheat production averaged 1.7 tones ha-1 year-1, variations. Between October December, it essential have favorable growing conditions productivity. If droughts this era, yield be substantially more impacted if they later cycle. 3-month values offer accurate description variation six-month twelve-months Values. Geospatial analysis indicates considerable variance Kpk last 4 decades. Because long-term sometimes affect quality, especially groundwater, rise intensity could pose risk management been examined. Analysis Landsat TM 30 m took place. At same time, imageries utilized generate Normalized Difference Vegetation (NDVI) Water (NDWI) evaluation. findings NDWI value 0.58 0.7 region.